flock
An addition to my previous note: My statement regarding the FNM_* constants was wrong. They are available on POSIX-compliant systems (in other words, if fnmatch() is defined).
fnmatch
(PHP 4 >= 4.3.0, PHP 5)
fnmatch — Compara nome de arquivo com um padrão
Descrição
bool fnmatch
( string $pattern
, string $string
[, int $flags
] )
fnmatch() verifica se a string passada combina com o padrão de curingas shell pattern .
Parâmetros
- pattern
-
Padrão de curingas shell
- string
-
A string testada. Esta função é especialmente útil para nomes de arquivo, mas também pode ser usada em strings normais.
O usuário comum pode estar acostumado com padrões shell ou pelo menos, na sua forma mais simples, aos curingas '?' e '*'. Então usar fnmatch() ao invés de ereg() ou preg_match() para pesquisas pela interface pode ser muito mais conveniente para usuários não programadores.
- flags
-
Veja a manpage Unix de fnmatch(3) para nomes de flags (contanto que não estejam documentadas aqui).
Valor Retornado
Retorna TRUE se combinar, FALSE do contrário.
Exemplos
Exemplo #1 Comparando uma cor com um padrão de curingas shell
<?php
if (fnmatch("*gr[ae]y", $color)) {
echo "alguma forma da cor gray (cinza) ...";
}
?>
Notas
Aviso
Por enquanto esta função não está disponível no Windows ou outros sistemas não POSIX.
add a note
User Contributed Notesfnmatch
Sinured
19-Mar-2008 09:04
19-Mar-2008 09:04
theboydanny at gmail dot com
29-Nov-2007 06:31
29-Nov-2007 06:31
About the windows compat functions below:
I needed fnmatch for a application that had to work on Windows, took a look here and tested both. Jk's works for me, soywiz didn't (on WinXPSP2, PHP 5.2.3).
The only difference between them is addcslashes (soywiz) instead of preg_quote (jk). They _should_ both work, but for some reason soywiz's didn't for me. So YMMV.
However, to make JK's fnmatch() work with the example in the documentation, you also have to strtr the [ and ] in $pattern.
<?php
$pattern = strtr(preg_quote($pattern, '#'), array('\*' => '.*', '\?' => '.', '\[' => '[', '\]' => ']'));
?>
And thanks for the functions, guys.
Sinured
30-Jul-2007 05:14
30-Jul-2007 05:14
Possible flags (scratched out of fnmatch.h):
...::...
FNM_PATHNAME:
> Slash in $string only matches slash in $pattern.
FNM_PERIOD:
> Leading period in $string must be exactly matched by period in $pattern.
FNM_NOESCAPE:
> Disable backslash escaping.
FNM_NOSYS:
> Obsolescent.
FNM_FILE_NAME:
> Alias of FNM_PATHNAME.
FNM_LEADING_DIR:
> From fnmatch.h: /* Ignore `/...' after a match. */
FNM_CASEFOLD:
> Caseless match.
Since they’re appearing in file.c, but are not available in PHP, we’ll have to define them ourselves:
<?php
define('FNM_PATHNAME', 1);
define('FNM_PERIOD', 4);
define('FNM_NOESCAPE', 2);
// GNU extensions
define('FNM_FILE_NAME', FNM_PATHNAME);
define('FNM_LEADING_DIR', 8);
define('FNM_CASEFOLD', 16);
?>
I didn’t test any of these except casefold, which worked for me.
Frederik Krautwald
12-Jun-2007 05:30
12-Jun-2007 05:30
soywiz's function still doesn't seem to work -- at least not with PHP 5.2.3 on Windows -- but jk's does.
soywiz at NOSPAM dot php dot net
21-Jan-2007 03:40
21-Jan-2007 03:40
A revised better alternative for fnmatch on windows. It should work well on PHP >= 4.0.0
<?php
if (!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
return @preg_match(
'/^' . strtr(addcslashes($pattern, '/\\.+^$(){}=!<>|'),
array('*' => '.*', '?' => '.?')) . '$/i', $string
);
}
}
?>
jk at ricochetsolutions dot com
13-Dec-2006 01:39
13-Dec-2006 01:39
soywiz's function didnt seem to work for me, but this did.
<?php
if(!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
return preg_match("#^".strtr(preg_quote($pattern, '#'), array('\*' => '.*', '\?' => '.'))."$#i", $string);
} // end
} // end if
?>
soywiz at php dot net
18-Jul-2006 02:12
18-Jul-2006 02:12
A better "fnmatch" alternative for windows that converts a fnmatch pattern into a preg one. It should work on PHP >= 4.0.0
<?php
if (!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
return @preg_match('/^' . strtr(addcslashes($pattern, '\\.+^$(){}=!<>|'), array('*' => '.*', '?' => '.?')) . '$/i', $string);
}
}
?>
jsnell at networkninja dot com
03-Mar-2006 03:12
03-Mar-2006 03:12
The last line of soywiz at gmail dot com windows replacement should be changed to:
return preg_match('/' . $npattern . '$/i', $string);
otherwise, a pattern for *.xml will match file.xml~ or any else anything with the text *.xml in it, regardless of position.
soywiz at gmail dot com
26-Jul-2005 11:07
26-Jul-2005 11:07
A "fnmatch" alternative that converts the pattern, to a valid preg one and uses preg_match then. It will work on windows.
<?php
if (!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
for ($op = 0, $npattern = '', $n = 0, $l = strlen($pattern); $n < $l; $n++) {
switch ($c = $pattern[$n]) {
case '\\':
$npattern .= '\\' . @$pattern[++$n];
break;
case '.': case '+': case '^': case '$': case '(': case ')': case '{': case '}': case '=': case '!': case '<': case '>': case '|':
$npattern .= '\\' . $c;
break;
case '?': case '*':
$npattern .= '.' . $c;
break;
case '[': case ']': default:
$npattern .= $c;
if ($c == '[') {
$op++;
} else if ($c == ']') {
if ($op == 0) return false;
$op--;
}
break;
}
}
if ($op != 0) return false;
return preg_match('/' . $npattern . '/i', $string);
}
}
?>
phlipping at yahoo dot com
06-Aug-2003 10:59
06-Aug-2003 10:59
you couls also try this function that I wrote before I found fnmatch:
function WildToReg($str)
{
$s = "";
for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($str); $i++)
{
$c = $str{$i};
if ($c =='?')
$s .= '.'; // any character
else if ($c == '*')
$s .= '.*'; // 0 or more any characters
else if ($c == '[' || $c == ']')
$s .= $c; // one of characters within []
else
$s .= '\\' . $c;
}
$s = '^' . $s . '$';
//trim redundant ^ or $
//eg ^.*\.txt$ matches exactly the same as \.txt$
if (substr($s,0,3) == "^.*")
$s = substr($s,3);
if (substr($s,-3,3) == ".*$")
$s = substr($s,0,-3);
return $s;
}
if (ereg(WildToReg("*.txt"), $fn))
print "$fn is a text file";
else
print "$fn is not a text file";